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UID:20250723T055105EDT-3794hLauGU@132.216.98.100
DTSTAMP:20250723T095105Z
DESCRIPTION:Established in 1935\, the Hughlings Jackson Lecture is The Neur
 o’s premier scientific lecture. It honours the legacy of British neurologi
 st John Hughlings Jackson (1835-1911) who pioneered the development of neu
 rology as a medical specialty. A reception will follow for registered atte
 ndees.\n\n\nRegister Now\n\nWatch online here\, no registration required.
 \n\n\nThe Basal Ganglia and the Motivation to Act\n\nAbstract: It is unive
 rsally recognized that the basal ganglia are implicated in major hypokinet
 ic and hyperkinetic extrapyramidal motor disorders. However\, a shift in t
 hinking about the basal ganglia is emerging\, driven by the realization th
 at their influence extends beyond motor control to the modulation of mood 
 and cognition. In this lecture\, Ann Graybiel will highlight experimental 
 work that supports these non-classical views and present evidence suggesti
 ng that previously unrecognized links between the striatum and the dopamin
 e-containing neurons of the substantia nigra may be crucial to these broad
 er functions of the basal ganglia.\n\nFoundational research has establishe
 d that a balance between two principal output pathways of the basal gangli
 a—the Direct-D1 and Indirect-D2 pathways—is necessary for normal movement.
  Imbalances favoring the canonical D1 ‘Go’ pathway are associated with hyp
 erkinetic disorders such as Huntington’s disease\, whereas dominance of th
 e D2 ‘NoGo’ pathway is linked to hypokinetic disorders like Parkinson’s di
 sease. Operationally\, an agonist-antagonist balance between these pathway
 s is thought to regulate and coordinate movements\, supplemented by cooper
 ative interactions between them. These pathways project to the motor outpu
 t nuclei of the basal ganglia.\n\nOutside this classical model lies the ni
 gro-striato-nigral loop\, a circuit affected in Parkinson’s disease and im
 plicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. With the advent of p
 owerful new tools in experimental neuroscience\, it has become possible to
  begin aligning this loop with the classical circuit organization. Remarka
 bly\, it appears that the canonical Direct and Indirect pathways are paral
 leled by a non-canonical pair of pathways that target not the motor output
  nuclei\, but the dopamine-containing neurons of the substantia nigra.\n\n
 These newly identified pathways originate from specialized\, widely distri
 buted compartments in the striatum known as striosomes—structures first id
 entified in the human brain. Current evidence from Graybiel's lab suggests
  that striosomal pathways closely mirror the canonical Direct and Indirect
  pathways\, yet differ critically in their output targets. They appear to 
 act in opposition to one another and retain the Go-D1 and NoGo-D2 signalin
 g polarities. Though these findings are recent\, mounting evidence indicat
 es that striosomes play key roles in reinforcement-based learning\, behavi
 oral engagement\, cost-benefit decision-making\, and the regulation of moo
 d and bodily states—functions aligned with their input from limbic-related
  brain regions.\n\nTogether\, these discoveries support the development of
  new models of basal ganglia function\, incorporating motivation and mood 
 as integral elements of forebrain control circuits that interact with dopa
 mine and other neuromodulatory systems to guide behavior and cognition.\n
DTSTART:20251113T210000Z
DTEND:20251113T220000Z
LOCATION:Jeanne Timmins Amphitheatre\, Montreal Neurological Institute\, CA
 \, QC\, Montreal\, H3A 2B4\, 3801 rue University
SUMMARY:Hughlings Jackson Lecture 2025: The Basal Ganglia and the Motivatio
 n to Act
URL:/thoracic/channels/event/hughlings-jackson-lecture
 -2025-basal-ganglia-and-motivation-act-362529
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